Glycolysis pathway

Glycolysis (Embden–Meyerhof pathway).

Glucose phosphorylation is regulated by hexokinase, an enzyme inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate. Glucose must be phosphorylated to glucose 6-phosphate to enter glycolysis or to be stored as glycogen.

Two other important steps in the regulation of glycolysis are catalyzed by phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. Their activity is controlled by the levels of high-energy phosphates as well as of citrate and acetyl-CoA. Pyruvate, through lactate dehydrogenase,is in dynamic equilibrium with lactate. This reaction is essential to regenerate NAD+ residues necessary to sustain glycolysis downstream of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.